Eigth Grade Scope and Sequence

Grade 8 Curriculum Guide

Social Studies

* Our African, Asian, and European backgrounds
* Exploration and discovery
* Growth and development of the United States
- Colonial life
- Struggle for independence
- U. S. Constitution and Bill of Rights
- Westward movement in America
- American Civil War
- Reconstruction
- U. S. as a world power
* Meaning of democracy
* Our American culture
* U. S. political system
* U. S. economic system
* U. S. government
* U. S. geography
* Advanced map and globe skills

Science

* Scientific method
* Scientific nomenclature
* Scientific measurement
* Ecology and environment
* Conservation
* Composition of the earth
* Ocean, atmosphere
* Weather
* Water and its uses
* Weathering and erosion
* Recycling of resources
* Magnetism and electricity
* Heat and light
* Forces in liquids and gases
* Wave, mechanical, electrical, and nuclear energy
* The earth's movement
* Newton's three laws of motion
* Machines
* The atom
* Periodic table of elements
* Compounds and mixtures
* Chemical changes
* Astronomy
* The universe and Milky Way
* Space and space travel

Language Arts

* Independent reading
* Literal, inferential, and evaluative reading skills
* Literary terms
* Novel, short story, narrative poetry
* Nonfiction
* Biographies of great Americans
* American poets and storytellers
* Creative dramatics
* Listening and speech activities
* Advanced dictionary work
* Extended vocabulary
* Figures of speech
* Spelling
* Infinitive, participle, gerund, predicate nominative, predicate adjective, direct and indirect object
* Kinds of sentences and their parts
* Functions of sentence elements
* Writing simple business letters
* Report-writing skills
* Improving skills in using basic reference sources
* Inductive and deductive reasoning

Health and Safety

* Grooming
* Functions of the body
* The body's utilization of food
* Types and functions of foods
* Environmental hazards
* Community sanitation and health
* Health care services
* Sexually transmitted diseases
* Accident prevention, safety, and first aid
* Mental hygiene
* Substance abuse

Mathematics

* Maintaining skills in fundamental operations
* Factoring and products
* Sets and simple sentences
* Numeration systems
* Using fractions and decimals
* Ratio, proportion, and percent
* Equalities and inequalities
* Simple formulas and equations
* Graphing an equation
* Powers and roots of rational numbers
* Polynomials
* Metric and non-metric geometry
* Pythagorean Theorem
* Scale drawing
* Right-triangle trigonometry
* Customary and metric measurement
* Permutations
* Probability statistics
* Statistical terms
* Mathematics of insurance, banking, and taxes

Seventhh Grade Scope and Sequence

Grade 7 Curriculum Guide Social Studies * Lands and peoples of the Eastern Hemisphere * Prehistoric peoples * Greek, Roman, and Middle Eastern civilizations * The Middle Ages * Renaissance and Reformation * Scientific Revolution * Age of Reason (Enlightenment) * Industrial Age * Yesterday and today around the world: Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Asia, Australia, and the Pacific * World trade and resources * Contemporary problems and issues * Environment * World geography * Advanced map and globe skills Science * Scientific classification * The cell * Heredity and genetics * Effects of weather and climate * Properties and uses of water * Atmosphere * Air pressure * Rocks, soil, and minerals * Ecology and environment * Conservation * Heat and temperature * Laws of motion * Energy * Scientific method * Laboratory techniques and safety Language Arts * Improving reading skills * Literary terms * Novels, short stories, plays * Myths, legends, ballads * Types of poetry * Biography and autobiography * Planning and producing dramatizations * Speech activities * Listening skills * Refining dictionary skills * Spelling * Parts of speech * Person, number, gender of nouns and pronouns * Punctuation of conversation * Clauses and phrases * Compound sentences * Writing descriptions, reports, journals, and letters * Note taking and outlining * Extending reference skills: atlases, directories, encyclopedias, periodicals, on-line information services, CD-ROMs, and other electronic reference material * Library organization Health and Safety * Good grooming and posture * Dental health * Healthy habits and lifestyles * Exercise and fitness * Effects of stimulants and narcotics * Functions of the body * Circulation and respiration * Germ theory * Sexually transmitted diseases * Family life * Toxins and antitoxins * Antibiotics * Immunization * Chemotherapy * Genetic disorders * Personal and public safety * Accident prevention * Personality development * Substance abuse Mathematics * Prime and composite numbers * Square root * Order of operations * Absolute value * Inequalities * Numeration * Properties of nonnegative integers * Rational numbers and fractions * Ratio, proportion, percent * Finite, infinite, and empty sets * Basic geometry concepts and terms * Development and use of formulas * Perimeter, circumference, area * Metric and customary measurement * Reading and constructing graphs * Measures of central tendency: mean, mode, median, range * Elementary business mathematics * Use of calculators and computers

Sixth Grade Scope and Sequence

Grade 6 Curriculum Guide Social Studies * Global and regional studies * Countries and cultures of Africa, Latin America, Asia, Australia, the Pacific, and Europe * Native American cultures * The Roman Empire * Relationships among nations: customs, traditions and beliefs, political and economic systems * United Nations * Milestones in human achievement * Transportation and communication * World trade * Citizenship and social responsibility * World geography * Map and globe skills Science * Classification of living things * Ecosystems * Ecology and the environment * Microbes * Algae and fungi * Human body * Food for growth and energy * Climate and weather * Recycling of resources * Elementary geology * Oceans * Electric and magnetic interactions * Electricity and its uses * Sound, light, and heat * Nuclear energy and radioactivity * Solar and geothermal energy * Conservation * Elements and compounds * Universe * Simple astronomy * Space and space travel * Scientific theory * Inventions and discoveries Language Arts * Reading silently and skimming * Critical reading skills * Introduction to mythology * Types of literature * Lyric, narrative, dramatic poetry * Listening skills * Nonverbal communication * Extending dictionary skills * Vocabulary building * Homonyms, synonyms, antonyms * Using roots, prefixes, and suffixes * Spelling * Concepts of noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb * Sentence structure * Diagramming sentences * Cursive handwriting * Types of writing: narration, description, exposition, persuasion * Simple note taking * Writing outlines, letters, factual matter (reports, newspaper articles), verse (limericks, ballads), creative prose (diary, stories) * Bibliography building * Organization of a book * Using reference books and indexes * Using on-line information services, CD-ROM's, and other electronic reference materials Health and Safety * Personal appearance * Dental health * Health maintenance * Our food supply * Exercise and fitness * Cure and prevention of common diseases * The heart * Accident prevention * Safety and first aid * The health professions * Understanding emotions * Coping with stress and anxiety * Preparing for puberty * Human reproduction * Substance abuse Mathematics * Exponents * Operation of powers * Set of the integers * Factoring * Fundamental operations with fractions, and decimals * Fundamental operations with compound denominate numbers * Multiplying and dividing common fractions and mixed numbers * Relationship between common and decimal fractions * Problems in percent * Properties, identification, and construction of geometric figures * Identification and measurement of angles * Concepts of similarity, congruence, and symmetry * Scale drawings * Customary and metric measurement * Problem analysis * Interpreting graphs * Concepts of averaging and sampling * Use of calculators and computers

Fifth Grade Scope and Sequence

Grade 5 Curriculum Guide Social Studies * Exploration and discovery * Establishment of settlements in the New World * Colonial life in America * Pioneer life in America * Revolutionary War in America * Westward movement in America * Industrial and cultural growth * Democracy's principles and documents * Life in the U. S. and its possessions * Geography of the U. S. * Natural resources of the U. S. * Canada and Mexico * Relationship between the U. S. and Canada * Comparative cultures of Canada * Countries and cultures of the Western Hemisphere: Central America, West Indies, South America * Map and globe skills Science * Biological adaptations * Biotic communities * Animal and plant classification * Fish * Reptiles * Bacteria * Molds * Trees * Plants and their food * Conservation * Cells * Human body * Landforms * Properties of air and water * Time and seasons * Temperature and thermometers * Magnetic fields * Use and control of electricity * Conduction and convection * Light and optics * Force systems * Chemical systems * Sun and solar system * Space and space exploration * Scientific method and scientific inquiry Language Arts * Silent and oral reading * Types of literature * Presenting original plays * Listening skills * Dictionary use for word meaning, analysis, spelling * Common homonyms * Homophones and homographs * Synonyms and antonyms * Using a thesaurus * Spelling * Plurals and possessives * Kinds of sentences * Parts of sentences * Cursive handwriting * Outlining * Paragraph writing * Writing letters, stories, reports, poems, plays * Preparing a simple bibliography * Proofreading skills * Parts of a newspaper * Using study materials: keys, tables, graphs, charts, legends, library catalogs, index, table of contents, reference materials, maps Health and Safety * Dental hygiene * Our water supply * Sewage disposal * Care of the eyes * Nutrition and diet * Diseases * Germ-bearing insects and pests * Community health resources * Elementary first aid * Bicycle and water safety * Preparing for puberty * Human reproduction * Substance abuse Mathematics * Reading and writing numbers to 10 places * Mixed numbers * Set of integers * Numeration systems * Addition, subtraction, multiplication, division of whole numbers * Fundamental processes: whole numbers and common fractions * Common and decimal fractions * Decimals to the thousandths * Ratio and percent * Exponents * Customary and metric measurements * Extension of geometric concepts * Word problems in daily life * Charts and graphs: picture, bar, line, and circle graphs * Concept of sampling

Fourth Grade Scope and Sequence

Grade 4 Curriculum Guide Social Studies * Types of community life * History and development of the local state * Relation of the state to its region, nation, and the world * World cultures * Reasons for our laws * Regions of the world * Continents * Time zones * Earth's resources * Climatic regions of the world * Map skills: longitude, latitude, scale * Using a globe Science * Structure of plants * Environment of the local region * Biological organization * Classification systems * The insect world * The reptilian world * Plants and animals of the past * Structure of plants * Seeds * Ecosystems * Balance of nature * Human body * Weather's influences * Weather instruments * Climate * Cause of seasons * Earth and its history * Oceans and the hydrosphere * Air and water pollution * Magnets and electricity * Light and color * Solar system and the universe * Living in space * Scientific method and scientific inquiry Language Arts * Silent and oral reading * Choral reading * Listening skills * Telephone skills * Making and accepting simple social introductions * Summarizing simple information * Listening to literature * Critical reading * Short stories, chapter books, poetry, plays * Spelling * Increasing dictionary skills * Cursive handwriting * Simple outlining * Writing letters and informal notes * Written and oral book reports * Creative writing * Developing skills in locating information * Increasing indexing skills * Developing encyclopedia skills * Utilizing parts of a newspaper Health and Safety * Personal and mental hygiene * Dental health * The body and its functions * Skeletal and muscular systems * Care and proper use of the body * Principles of digestion * Basic food groups * Good nutrition habits * Diseases * Safety * Substance abuse Mathematics * Reading and writing numbers * Roman numerals to C * Prime numbers less than 100 * Prime factoring * Numeration systems * Subsets * Decimal and fraction equivalents * Addition and subtraction facts to 7 places * Multiplication and division facts to 144 * 1-, 2-, and 3-digit multiplication problems * 2- and 3-digit dividend, 1-digit divisor problems * Meaning of mixed numbers * Finding simple averages * Geometric concepts * Customary and metric measurement * Time to the second * Problem-solving methods * Charts and graphs